Book-cover bending machine



1944. w. B. HILDMANN BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet l J52 1/5 for Liam ZZi dmarm Jlforrzqy Dec. 5, 1944.

W. B. HILDMANN BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 14, 1943 MN W. ww NW N I! m I l I I II} il -lliill l .l 7 J. ti wm nw N 1 m M 2 ea. 1 LEEHHWEHPE. kw www hm QN n A 7 Q m\ NW SmN m 1944- w. B. HILDMANN 2,354,142

BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 J 1 A, mo m$ .1

QE 5 mm t 6,3 QW

r3a=======i l Nb Dec. 5, 1944. w. B. HILDMANN BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Dec. "5, 1944. w. B. HILDMANN BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1945 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 1944- w. B. HILDMANN BOOK COVER BENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 14, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 V Hlln D [Vi/Zia althrney Patented De... 5, 1944 2,364,142? I I noomoovnannnmne MACHINE, a William B. Hildinann, Chicago, 111:, assign'or to i f of Illinois Brock &' Rankin, ,Chicago," 111:, acorporation Application:.-August i4, iaiaseriai No. 49s,711; v (or: r -2) Claims.

This invention relates primarily tocthel bookbinding artsmand secondarily to .warping and.

bending; mechanismsand has as its principalobject the provision of automatic means sfor impar ting. acomplexkcurvattire, amounting team overall bowing, of book covers toconditionthem for reception of an imprint from embossingidies or It is a particular object of the invention-to provide a machine acting automatically to bend book covers and the. likeatihigli speed in several directions with respect tothe lengthand breadth thereof, such that whenthe covers leave-the machine, they will be substantially bowed outwardly with a sort of overall i convexity suitablafor stamping or embossing; and furthento provicleaa machineof simple andrugged construction'which will beaof compact overall size withiinfeed and i discharge positions closely adj acentat one side of the machinefor convenient attendanceby the operator. 1 i q Book covers of the kind here contemplated "consist of some sort of. stiffening member, such as);

cardboard; usually covered with a fabric, such as cloth, adhered thereto by glue; and such j covers are generally embossed or imprintedwith ydeco rative or title matter appli'ed by stamping diespressed into the outergsurface portions thereof,

byreason of which itisnecessary that such sur faces be bowed appreciably if the imprintis to be uniform and clear. I

According to prior practices, bending of the covers was accomplished "by j crude manual expediencies and by feeding the covers through roll ers; firstinonedirection, and then inanother,

and such m'ethodsinvolve monotonous, slow, and tiring manual labor which is conduciveito various following description .proceedsinviewof thefannexed drawings in which: i

a Fig. 1 isgiawperspective, View ofithe: entiremachine with the supporting legs shown n frag merit; i I A Fig.1 21s, a vertical sectionlook ng in thedirection of. lines ..2-.-2 ,of-Fig. 1;

Fig.3. is .a side elevation looking in the direction,

of, lines 3-31of"Fig. 2;

Fig.5.! isyia. vertical-section inithe directionwo-f. lines t l -ion 2', showing details of i the cover feeding mechanism;

Fig.15 :isavertical section on. the dischar e side of the machine looking the directicnof lines 5--5 on Fig.1; i

Fig: 6 isatopplan view ofthemech'anism dis- 1 posed beneath thertable surfaces ortop, of the machine, saidftable. surfaces being removed :and;

the viewulooking downwardly; 1

.Fig'; F7.is .asecti'onaldetailofthe roller drive shown-in Fig.3, also looking inwthe direction of seenin the direction oflinesisl-J 0t Fig. 6; I

Fig: 8 is' a fragmentary'top'plant view otthe drivinglgearassembiy for thesfirstwwarping. unit;

Fig. Q- is' an elevational view oiithe assembly lines l-l ofFigLG; I General description In the perspective view oftFigi l; thereis shown a main, frame l5surmountedbyrafirstu feeding i tableflfi, at the left, and asecond feedingttablex i section, II atithe right. Adjacentthe first sec-; 3

irregularities and losses due to damage from. 1111- properi handling resulting largely; from. the fa tigue element when large quantities of covers must be" conditioned intthismanner- TIfhe present inventionf overcomesfsuch difiifculties by afiording a high speed bending machine characterized lay-the provisionof means for. Ieed- 1 'ing open covers,.one at atime, into andithrough a plurality of sets of warping rollers, arranged W with. their rotational axes offset, an by. the pro-- vision of,means;for changing the direction of travel ofithe coverswith respect to :the sets ofrollers, so thatithe necessary curvatureis impart-,

. ed to the covers by the time ;they;issue from the j machine Further, and more detailed, objects; .advan f tages, and features of novelty .will. iappeanasthe ralitywof upright bars l8; 18m, l8ypm0unted. on: 35 theqframe in square array, into the; confines of which. covers!) are placed in open, stacked cone dition, outer sides lowermost; to be fed .from:;the

bottom flofl the stack (by; means hereinafter described) into engagement with constantlvrotati 406 ing feed. rollers I9 andi20'; (see, also Fig; 4) onto.

the-first tableportion l6 againstwan adjustable", stopimember il forsubsequentmovement into the rollers of a first warping unit.w

The covers "leave the feed :rollers' with sufficient velocity. to.1odge beneath hold-down-fingers 122 on. the stoptmember, so as to: alignythemselvest withisrespectl to a. second feed roller meanaxthei cover C beinga-shown. in. such. condition against 1 the stop onsection' 16 in Fig.1.)

i From thevfirsttablesection, the 1coverr(C for example) is automatically rmoved .intowengagee: ment with a second set of1feedrol1ers23 and .91. 3 (Fig. 2 also) whichserve to urge the covers a firsttriad of .warpingrolleirs .24';..25 and. 26 3S3: a1; result of" timed :movement ,(toward the.

Fig. 6).

right) of a cover driver or pusher 21 on table section l6, which causes the leading or righthand edge of cover C to engage beneath the friction feed wheels 23 and roller 91 for movement into the warping rollers, as aforesaid.

The cover is warped or bent in its direction of movement through rollers 24, 25 and 26, from which it is ejected with sufficientvelocity to lodge before a second advancing means or pusher 29 on table section ll, into the position 1 occupied by the cover C in Fig. 1, and the movements of this second pusher, like the first, are timed accurately with respect tothe general transit of the covers so that the cover C will be engaged by the pusher 29 very shortly after the cover lands on the table section, and be transported into a second set or triad of warping rollers 3|, 32 and 33 (see Fig. 5 also),

' which impart a further bend to the covers, but

this time in a direction at right angles to the first bending thereof, because the orientation of .the cover has been changed so that the long edge thereof will enter the second set of warping rollers.

Upon leaving the second set of warpingrollers, the covers are discharged into an angular stacking bed ill] (see also Fig. 5) wherein the covers C are properly stacked for convenient removal by the attendant in a position which is adjacent the loading hopper [8, so that the attendant' can load the machine .in one movement, and by a, continuing movement, remove the conditioned covers from the stacking bed.

Detailed construction Considering now the plan view of Fig. 6 (with the two table sections l5 and I! removed), there will be seen a main drive shaft 38 journaled in blocks 39, All and 4| on the main frame, a drive pulley 42 being fixed on the right-hand end of this shaft to be driven from a suitable powersource (not shown), while at the left end of this-shaft are fixed pinions 43and 44.

Pinion 43 meshes with pinion 45 on feed rollor 20. The shaft l9a for feed rollers l9 (see Fig. 2) is provided with a pinion 46 meshing with pinion All on the shaft of feed roller 20. In this manner feed rollers l9 and 2B are driven from the main shaft 38.

Means for feeding the covers from the hopper or stacker l8, includes a pair of yieldable feeding fingers 52 (Figs. 3 and 4) adjustably carried on a sliding block 5| mounted on a cross carrier 52, which in turn is carried on spaced-apart rack bars 53 slidably mounted between corresponding pairs of bearer bars 54 (only one of which appears in Figs. 3 and 4).

As seen in Fig. 3, the racks 53 each'mesh with a corresponding pinion 55, 55a, carried on a cross shaft 55 journaled in the frame (see also A bell crank 51 on shaft 56 isconnected with crank rod 58, which in turn connects eccentrically to a pinion 59 meshing with pinion 44 on the main drive. shaft 33. Thus, the feeding racks are reciprocated in a certain timed relation to the other moving parts of the machine, which are also driven by especially situated take-off mechanisms from this main. shaft, as will hereinafter appear.

The feeding fingers 5B) are disposed to lie be neath the cover hopper and to press upwardly against the lowermost cover so as to engage with the rearward edge thereof upon the back stroke thereof (toward the left, Figs. 3 and 4:),so that upon forward movement thereof, the bottom cover will be ejected into the feed rollers l9 and 20.

In Fig. 4 it will be observed that the fingers 50 are provided with brackets 50a at their outer ends, and there is further secured on these brackets an upwardly biased spring feeler 50b which may be adjusted as to-depth of downward yield .by positioning a corresponding stop screw 550. This feeler means is adjusted according to the thickness of the covers to be fed so that the free end of the corresponding feeding finger portion 59 will always be guided against the rearward edge of the bottommost cover by the pilot or feeling action of the advance spring portions 5%. Each feeding finger unit is provided with a set screw 5la, for securing the same in adjusted position on the bearer 52.

The stack. hopper is adjustable to receive covers of different size, and to this end, the opposite uprights i813 (Fig. 3) are slidably mounted by means of wing-nut bolts lSa working in horizontal slots itb in fixed plates l8c on the frame bearers l8d, while the rearmost. upright 18y hasan angled foot l8 (Figs. 1 and 4) slidably mounted on slotted bearer l8g with a wing nut setting bolt Nih tion thereof. i v

As viewed in Fig. 2, the first cover advancing member or pusher 21 is carried on a bar 60 secured to a slide member 6,! supported in slide stanchions 52. To the bottom of the slide member BI is secured a rack 53 meshing with pinion 64 on a shaft 55 journaled in the frame. As seen best in Fig. 6, pinion 54 is oscillated by a miter gear 66 on shaft 65 (Fig. 2 also) meshing with another miter gear 61 on a crank shaft 68 journaled at one end in a bearing bracket 69, and at the opposite end in the frame (see also Fig. 2) there being a crank Hi at this latter end engaging in the slotted port connecting with crank rod H, as at 72 (Fig. 3)

which has an elongated slot 73 engaged on the outer end 'l lof a long transverse shaft 15 (see also Fig. 6).

The end of the crank rod H is provided with a roller it which rides a cam ll (Figs. 3 and 6) fixed on the long shaft 15 and the large pinion l8 theron, this pinion 'lfl meshing with the com-v panion pinion 59 which serves to drive the cover feeding means. A spring 19 is attached at to the crank rod, and at its opposite end to a tie rod 8! anchored in the frame for the purpose of holding cam roller 16 on cam 17. v

The first pusher 21 is adjustably mounted on its carrying member 60 (Figs. 2 and 3) by a set bolt 83 having a head 84 free to work in slot 85 in the member 66 when the setting nut 85 is loosened.

The first warping unit includes three parallel steel rollers 24, 25 and 26 placed with their centers in triangular array as viewed best in Fig. 2,

so that one roller 24 at. the top of the triad is disposed above a depression or hollow formed between the other two rollers therebelow, with the object of pressing the covers sufficiently into said hollow to give them a permanent bendt These three warping rollers are journaled in opposite blocks 99 and 9| mounted on the frame (see Fig. 6 showing the two bottom rollers), the top roller 24 being adjustably mounted at opposite ends in vertically sliding journal blocks 93, only one of which is seen in Figs. 2 and 9; and these sliding journals may be moved up and down by turning screws 94, after loosening the ages-4,1 42

in' accordance withthe degreeuoif bend or-warp outer end onan arm I IOI- secured to the outer block 98 on the frame. I

The foregoing feed roller and warping "roller assembly is driven from the. main drive sh'aft 38' (Fig. 6) through the shaft portion 25a of the lower left'warping roller, which shaft portion projects at its inner end through the block 9| to engage with a mitergear 25b, meshing with a companion miter gear 25c on said mainshaft 38. At its outer end, the roller shaft portion 25a carries a drivingpinion I05. (Figs.1,6, 8 and 9.) which meshes with two intermediate idling. pinions I06 and I 01. Intermediate pinion I06nalso meshes with a third intermediate pinion-|08, the function of which is to drive the top warping roller-Joy meshing with itspinion-24a (Figs. 1 and 9 particularly).

" andIIll, respectively, to give the several rollers appropriate directionalrotation to transport the coversfrom left to right. (Fig; 1), lowerirollers 25 and 26 rotating clockwise, and the topyroller -24 rotating anti-clockwise, for thispurpose.

The feed roller 91 for this first warpingunit especially drivenin a clockwise direction by means of a chaindrive including a sprocket gear 81a. (Figs. 6, .7, 8) on the shaft of rollerfll, and

a ,-sp rocke t gear; 26b; on ,the right-hand lower .warping roller 26, iasprocket chain 911) driv inglvinterconnecting saidsprocket gears. The

friction wheelsg23 rotate asa result or move-' ment of the covers ,thereben'eath.

- Means for reciprocating the second cover, .driving or advancing means 29 is shownparticularly irrFigs. 5 and 6. As .in thecase of.1the first pushen' the second pusher .29 .iS mountedby means of a set screw I II) on a, block I I I secured .byqscrews II2 to a slide bar II3supported in a pair of slidestanchions H4 and H5. On the underside of the slide baris .formedagear rack l I6 which meshes with a pinion I I1 on shaft I I8 (see also Fig. 6). ,Also fast on this shaftuis a gear.

segment I I9 meshing with a radius gear I on its inovementfor various size covers by looseningthe set screw H0, so that the head portion "lIIla thereof may slide freely in the longitudinally slottedportions IIIa of the blockIII.

The second or alternate-warping unit is similarto the first one, difiering from the latter mainly in the omission offriction wheels onthe infeed side, and the far lower roller being driven from the power shaft, instead of the near roller,

as in the case of the first unit.

As viewed in Fig. 6, there are twoparallel, horizontally spaced bottom rollers 32 and 33 journaled in opposite blocks 39 and 40 on the main frame, it being observed that the bottom roller .32 is mounted on the main drive shaft 38, at

.in Fig. 5, will rotatein anti-clockwise direction, tending to drive the covers toward the left in.

that view.

The top roller 3I of thissecond unit is adjustably mounted in journal blocks I58 (Fig.5) each I vertically slidable inn ,correspondingslot I59 in enact the blocks 39 (or 40) as seen in Fig. 5,

there being provided a pair of adjusting screws I60 (Fig. 1 also) each threaded into one of said blocks 39 or 40 and engaged with a corresponding sliding block I58 for manipulation to raise orlower the roller with respect to the hollow or trough portion between the two bottom rollers, as. in the case of the first warping unit. Lock nuts I5I secure theadjusting screws I60 in adjusted position. I

The top roller 3I is rotated in. a direction opposite to that of the lower rollers by means of its pinionlfiz (Fig. 1) which meshes with a large idling pinion I53 driven by another idlmg pinion I53,which is in turn driven by pinion, I56 on roller 33.

A small steel roller sea (Figs. 1 and 5) is em-,

. ployed to guide and hold down the covers as they 4 pass throughthis second warping unit, pusher 29 having a longer stroke (approximately five inches) than the first pusher (about one inch),

and serving to drive the covers farther into the .crank mm I2I, pivoted on the frame. at, I22.

Another arm I23 of thecrank has its extremity .connctedwith a spring I 24, which in turn is attached atjits opposite-end to a tie rod I25 anchored 0111:1118 frame. 'Pivotaily connecjtedto crank arm I23 as at I26 '(Figs. 5 and 6) is a rock lever I21 having a long slot I28 at its opposite end enga ed on the long shaft] 15;, and a cam roller I30 on this arm flfieai'sagainst"the;periphery of a cam, I3I fast ion-shaft I5. rotationofshaftfi (through -tliefgear train '78, 59, 44;,Fig. 3 also.) rotates the secondwarping unit than would be possible with -50 the first unit because in the'first bending operation the covers are fed in the direction of their greatest dimension, and there is danger of buck- 'ling at the hinge or backbone. For th s reason, the first pusher merely advances the cov'ers'far enough; to be grasped; betweenfthe feed, rollers 23 and 91;

The second or alternate bending operation .oc-

curs laterally of the -open covers, and sinoe there is no dangerof buckling in this directionfthe pusher 29 can follow and drive the covers a substantial distance after they enter the second unit.

The covers are ejected from the second. warping unit with considerable force, so that they will lodge in (a stacking .bed I10 (Fig. 5 disposed at an angle with a wide surface I?! upon which the underside of the discharged cover rests with succeeding covers stacked thereon at an angle 1 which facilitates removal and renders the weight "of the'stack ineffectual to alter 'thedegree of bond in the covers at the bottom. An apron structure I13 is disposed close to the lowerroller 32 to assist in guiding the covers into the bed I10.

Summary ofoperdtion 1 I A supply of open book covers c' is stacked '(-inside uppermost) in the hopper l 8, as indicated in Figsrl, 3,-and 4; and with the main drive shaft 38 constantly rotating through connection of a suitable driving motor to pulley 42, the cover feed- 1 ing fingers 50 will be reciprocated to push covers,

one at a time, from the underside of the stack in the hopper in between the feed rollers l9 and 20,- which serve to eject the covers energetically onto the first table section 16 against stop 2| and beneath fingers 22, which assures aproper alignment of the covers with respect to the first advancing or pusher means 2'! and the first warping unit.

Pusher 21, reciprocating in timed relation to the ejecting movement of the fingers 50 (through the ra-ckand pinion means 63, 64, and driving link 68, Hi, H, 11,18 with driving pinion 58 for the feeding fingers) Will engage the cover 0 in Fig'l, and push it a short distance until the leading edge thereof engages between the feeding rollers 23 and 97, which drive the cover in between the first set of warping rollers 24, 25, 26

(Figs. 1 and 2). Feed roller 9'! is driven by chain 9'ib'from sprocket 262) on warping roller 26 (Figs. 6 and '7).

As a result of passage through the first set of warping rollers, as aforesaid, the cover will be ejected forcibly onto the second table section i! in the path or" the second advancing or pushing means 29, which is also timed in movement 7 (owing to its rack and pinion drive lit, ill, Hi, [21, I28 with shaft 15, which is driven commonly with the feed drive pinion 59 and first pusher crank pinion 78) so that this second pusher will be in retracted position (away from the second will be ejected into the stacking bed fill.

Pusher 29 is reciprocated at a predetermined rate with respect to the feeding action of fingers 50 and pusher 21 by a rack and pinionfmeans similar to that which drives pusher 21, and like the latter, pusher 2B is driven fro-m shaft '15 through the cam i 3!, cam lever I27, crank l2l-l23, gear segments H9, I20, pinion Ill, and rack H6, (Fig.

As a result of the complex warping tlrus imparted to the covers, the major, central portions of both cover sections are bowed or raised outwardly of the cover bodies, and the covers are therefore in a proper condition to receive the imprint of the usual stamping die which will be pressed against said raised or outwardly bowed portions. Q

The only adjustments required in operating the machine relate to the size of cover to be run and the degree of warp or bend desired. To this end, hopper 18 may be arranged to accommodate various sizes of cover by loosening the wing set screws I [la and Mil/(Figs. 1, 3, 4) and moving uprights lBzr and 18y as necessary.

. g The stop member 21 may be accordingly positioned by loosening its set screws 21a and sliding the member into the desired position to align the size of cover for which the hopper has been adjusted as aforesaid. Also, the hold-down fingers 22 can be slid along the stop member 2! by loosening their set screws 22a. I

, The cover advancing means-or pushers 21 and 29 may be adjustably positioned in the direction of their motion by manipulating their respective setscrews B6 and H0, respectively.

The degree of warp or bend is controlled, de-

pending upon the thickness and kind of cover stock, by looseningthe lock nuts or I61, and the corresponding setting screws 94 or I60 for the top rollers 24 and 3|, respectively, for each Warping unit, so, that these rollers are moved toward or away from their coacting lower roller sets. The arrangement of the actuating mechanism is so calculated that proper timing of the several functional units is accomplished without resort to complicated or costly controls and adjustments or regulating means. The arrangement of the infeed or hop-per in adjacency with respect to the outfeed or discharge side of the machine is such that one attendant may be positioned to handle the loading and removal of covers. The entire mechanism is relatively simple in construction, is inexpensive to build and maintain, and all of its parts are readily accessible. The device is capable of conditioning several thousands of covers per hour, without damaging any of the covers, and with a minimum of supervision.

By feeding covers one at a time and successively advancing them in different directions through a series of warping rollers, a complex bend, amounting to an overall bowing or convexity,of uniform character is quickly imparted to the covers during an interval which is too short for any considerable restorative or reflexive bending of the covers owing to their inherent bias or flexibility, so that the overall average bend will be the same'fo-r all covers of a given type or stock. I

By changing the direction of advance of the covers from their starting position, and disposing' the sets of warping rollers with their respective axes of rotation offset, the covers are made to issue at the same side of the machine at which they enter, thus conserving overall space required "for the machine, and, moreover, making it possible for the attendant to remain in substantially one position while handling both the loading and unloading of the covers.

' The results obtained by the novel machine are superior to those possible under previously known methods, both as to quantity handled and uniformity of bend imparted to the covers. In the present device, the several bending operations follow each other in very rapid succession, tending to produce an averaged, overall warp without a sufficient lapse of time between bends to permit any considerable restoration which might affect the extent or character of succeeding bends, such aswould be the case by the old manual method, wherein all covers were run first in one direction, and then in another, with a lapse of time between alternate bends depending upon the speed of the operator and the numbers of covers run in a given group. These manual methods, moreover, entailed additional stacking operations between alternate bends.

The foregoing objects, advantages, and features of novelty may be realized by modifications in the precise construction described, and it is not intended that the invention shall be limited except'as may be provided by the appended claims. 1

l laving thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

a 1. Mechanism for bending bookcovers and the like, comprising afirst roller meansa first pusher means for advancing covers oneat. a time.

. into engagement with said first roller meansa second roller means mounted to rotate about iaxes disposed out ofparallelism with therotatio-nal axes of said first roller means, .a second pusher means for advancing covers discharged from the first roller means into operativeengage- .ment with said second roller means, means for feeding; and aligning covers one at a time. into position for operative engagement with said first pusher means, anddriving mechanism actuating the foregoing means in timed cooperative relation to effect transit of covers one at a time successively through said roller'means.

rollers of one set rotating about parallel. axes disposed at an angle to the rotational axes of another set, and reciprocable pusher means for effecting transit of members to be warped into engagement with said sets of. rollers and for 1 allelism with said shaft, means drivenfrom said and means for feeding covers one at a time into operative relation with said first pushing means. d 6. The invention defined in claim 5 further characterized by the provision of driving means correlatingthe operation of said pushing, and warping means and mechanisms respectively to cause covers to be moved one at a time in rapid succession automatically to said first pushing means and through said warping mechanisms.

7. A machine for bending bookcovers including amain drive shaft, feed roller means driven from said shaft aboutrotational axes in parshaft for feedinglcovers from a; startingfposi- 2. In a machine of the class described, a plu rality of warping rollers arranged in sets with 20.. d ,tion, aligningmeans positioned adjacent said first intermediate position to be engaged b y'covers lodged thereat as. aforesaid, advancing means changing the direction of bodily movement of said. members with respect to one setof rollers aftsr leaving another. set of said rollers for the. purpose of imparting a complex warp thereto together with drive meansactuating said sets of rollersandsaid pusher means in a predetermined timed relationship suchthat said covers are moved one at a time in succession in transit a aforesaid.

tion at one side ofsaid shaftin a direction transversely of said shaft into engagement with said feed roller, means, means at the discharge side fofsaid feed. roller means forsupporting covers at a first position said feed roller means acting to lodge covers at said first intermediate posifdriven from said shaft fonmoving covers from saidfirst intermediate ,positionin the direction of the length of said shaft, first warping roller means driven from said shaft about axes extending in a sense transverse of said shaft and freoeiving covers by action of said advancing 3. Bending apparatus comprising, in combina- 7 tion: a plurality of warping mechanisms, means providing table surfaces adjoining said mechaanisms, means providing an aligning stop. on a first one of said surfaces, means for ejecting articles onto said first surface against said stop to align the same with respect to a first one of; said warping mechanisms, pushing means for advancing articles from said stop into operativeengagement withsaid first warping mechanism, the

operable to advance and align articles ejected upon said second surface as aforesaid with respect to a second one of .said warping mechanisms and to further urge articles advanced I thereby into operative engagement with said sec 0nd warping mechanism, means for. receiving articles fromsaid second'warping mechanism and stacking said articles in planes at an angle to the horizontal, and means for driving said warping mechanisms and said pushing means in timed relation.

.4. The invention defined in claim 3 further characterized in that said first-mentioned pushing means functions to advance articles in a, certain bodily orientation, with respect to the firstmentioned warping mechanism, and'said second mentioned pushing means alters said certain bodily orientationof the article before the latter is acted upon by said second mentioned warping mechanism. i I

5. Apparatus for bending book covers comprising: a first warping mechanism, pushing means for feeding and aligning covers in a certain direction of bodily orientation into warping engagement with said first warping mechanism; a

second warping mechanism, pushing means for causing movement of articles from said first warping mechanism into warping engagement with said second warping mechanism; said lastmentioned pushing means further changing the bodily orientation of said covers moved thereby with respect to said second warping mechanism,

latter operating. to eject articles therefrom onto V a second of .said table surfaces, pushing means means and further acting to lodge said covers inasecond intermediate position, means at the discharge sideof said first warping roller means ;for,supporting covers at said second intermediate -position a second warping means driven from said shaftand including roller means rotating about an. axis coincident with that of said main drive shaft,asecond advancing means driven fromsaid shaft and acting to advance covers from saidsecond intermediate position in a directiontransverse of "said shaft into operative engagementwith said second warping means, said second warping means discharging covers advanced thereto as aforesaid in a direction transverse of said shaft andinto a discharge position which is on the same side of said adjacent to, said starting position.

8, A bookcover bending machine including a 7 stop, feed rollers acting to discharge covers against said stop, a pusher reciprocable at right angles to the direction of discharge of said cov- .ersxagainstsaid 51501 a first set of 1 warping rollers rotatable about axes atright angles to the direction of movement of said pusher, said pusher urging coversinto said first set of warpingrollers, a second pusher reciprocable at right an-.

covers discharged from said first set ofrollers ingmechanism for said pushers and sets of warp.-

ing rollers, timed to actuate thesame in cooperativerelationship to efiect movementof covers in succession through said sets of warping rollers.

9. In a bookcover bending machine, substantially axially aligned infeed and outfeed roller means, intermediate roller-means rotatable axially at right angles to the rotational axes of said mfeed and outfeed roller means, and at a position approximately intermediate the remote ends of said last-mentioned roller means, means for it supporting covers for movementrelative to said roller means, means driving said roller means to effect movement of covers from between said in shaft as, and i fee d'rol'ler meanstoa position opposite the inter- 'mediate; roller; means on said supporting means, "and from between the intermediate'roller means toa position on said supporting means opposite theoutfeed roller means, and from between said outfeedmcdlier means in"a direction opposite tothe -movement: of covers by the infee'd"'ro11er. 'means, and operatively-coordinated cover moving means operating intermittently formoving covers on said supporting'means into engagement Withsaidintermediate and outfeed; roller'means.

10; In "a bookcover bendingmachine, infeed,

-outfeed, and intermediate roller; means disposed 'substantiallyin a common plane,'the axes. of said *intermediateroller'means being angula'rly disposed" relative to. the "axes 'of said inf eed: and; outf'eed roller means, and each said'roller :means 'having an axial .end region disposed adjacent an axial 'en d-regionpfthe others, means jointly v drivingsaid roller meansgcover stacking means at a slide of said infeed jrollergmeans -away from said intermediate roller means cover-receiving roller means and-saidoutfeed" roller means.

1 -11; In abookcoverbending machine, means providing a. cover supporting table means for stacking a "supply of covers adjacentisaid" table atan infeed side'thereof, a'ieed'rollenmeansfor ejecting oovers ,forciblydnto afirst position on said-table at-said infeedsideyan aligning stop on saidtable "against which'covers are forcibly ejected by said feed roller means, warping roller -means rotatab1;e about'axes at right'anglesto saidfee'd roller means-and said stop and.;opposite the naeaa first pusher on'said .table ireciprocable at right angles to the-axes of said Warping rollermeans and-between said stop'and feed roller means to push covers ejectedas aforesaid into engagement with said warping roller =means,"the 'latteracting toeject covers into a second positionon said table, a'second Warping troller means rotatable about axesextending in approximatelyfthe same direction as the-axes of sai'dieed'rollerimeans, an'd onthe in'feed side, of said'tabla'a second'ipusher oppositesaid second position randfreciprocable relative 'to said "second warping rollerimeans'to urge covers into the latter from said 'second position, and drive 'mechanismfor said rollerlmeans and pushers and --coordinating the reciprocation of the lat-v" ter to move covers from said :feed roller 'meansin rapid succession-"through said warping roller ,means. i .i

{12, Abookcover bending machineaccordingto claim l'l-an'dfur'ther characterized by the provision therein ofreciprocable cover advancing 'means'cooperable with said cover stackingmeans '5 "and actuated by said drive mechanism in timed relationship with said pushers to advance covers 1 from said sta'ck'one at a time into saidfeed roller means. v

=13. -A bookcover bending machine according to 10 claimll andfurther characterized-inthat said "feed roller means and said second warping roll- ;er 'means are' jointly driven by a common shaft "means driven by saiddrive mechanism, and said "first warping roller meansis driven from said 15 common shaft axially at right angles thereto. 14. A bookcover bending machine including in cooperative association, table means, feed'roller means and warping roller means at a particular side of saidjtable-means, and including a'co mmon drive shaft and rotating to discharge covers in opposite directions, intermediate warping roller means'driv'en from said'common shaft butaxially at right angles thereto and ina plane including-the surface of said table means, said feed*rdllermeansacting to eject covers intoa first position on said table means,-afirst advancing means for moving covers from said first position'into said intermediate warping roller means, the latter acting to eject covers to a second position on said table means opposite said first-mentioned warping roller means, a second "advancing meansacting to move'covers from said "second position'to said*first-'mentioned Warping roller means, and drive mechanism actuating 35. said feed roller means, said warping roller means,

1 and sai'dadvancing means incoordinated rela- "ntionshipto effect successive movement of covers through the warping roller means.

i 15."In a cover bending machine, means pro- 'viding adjoining tablesurfaces, intermediate roller means interposed between said surfaces and rotating to'eject covers received from a'first said surface onto a second said surface, infeed roller means at an infeed side of said first surface and rotatableto move covers o-nto the latter, outfeed 'ro1ler means at an'outfeed side of said second 'sui'face adjacent said' infeed side and rotatable "to'move covers'away'from the latter surface in 'at'direction opposite from the movement of cov- 'ers'by said infeedroller means, a first 'means'for .Jadvancing covers on said first surfaceinto-en- --'gagement with said intermediate roller'means a :second means 'for'advancing'covers on said second surface into engagement with said outfeed roller means, and mechanism driving said roller meansand intermittently actuating said first'a'nd second advancing means. in 'time'd relation to *efiect transit of covers in succession from said 'in'feed roller' means through said intermediate :and outfeed roller means, whereby covers can be'fed into said machine and "discharged therefrom on the same side thereof.

WILLIAM B. I-I ILDMANNL 

